Camouflage Yourself With the Nano-Mirage Effect

Camouflage Yourself With the Nano-Mirage Effect

Remember the James Bond flick “Die Another Day” where Pierce Brosnan camouflages his Aston Martin to escape from the villain, and also move undetected?

Yes, the very same mechanism has now been developed by researchers at the University of Texas at Dallas. They were able to detect a unique characteristic in carbon nano-tubes with a kind of mirage effect which helps to switch on and turn off invisibility on demand.

[TUT] unlocking Huawie E153 , E155, E1550, E156, E160, E176

[TUT] unlocking Huawie E153 , E155, E1550, E156, E160, E176

1. Download This file for detailed Instruction
2. Download Firmware

Make sure to follow all the Instructions for best result! :)

3-D Printer Technology Helps Build Artificial Blood Vessels

3-D Printer Technology Helps Build Artificial Blood Vessels

Doctors have been successful in replacing dead intestines and tracheas, designed by tissue engineers. But, the same process on larger organs has been a little slow as they could not design blood vessels like capillaries that deliver the wanted nutrients to the other tissues. If the nutrient supply is stopped or cut-off at intervals, the tissues will not live for a long time. A engineering research team from the Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology IGB in Germany have finally found a solution by printing the capillaries with the help of a 3-D printer.

The basic element behind the 3-D printer is the special ink that contains synthetic polymers, as well as bio-molecules. Due to the unique characteristics of these materials, the artificial tissues produced are easily accepted by the body.  The inks react chemically and form into an elastic solid, and thus help the tissue engineers to design highly precise three-dimensional structures.

To build such a material, the researchers were in need of an extra layer of precision to build the fine, feathery structures to serve as capillaries. So, they decided to use two-photon polymerization method. The method uses intermediate, high intensity laser light blasts, which stimulate finely tuned molecular cross-linking. After the completion of the tiny walls, the inner walls are developed by seeding the vessels with endothelial cells.

There have been many unsuccessful efforts in the past to grow artificial blood vessels. Some of them include the use of gel matrices, and also hammering a nail into an electrified plastic block. Both these methods have made fine tubes through which the fluid can flow. This new method is another way to precisely control the structures’ formation.

The experiments conducted being successful, the researchers have began progressive works in building artificial organs, vascularized with this new printing method. With the existing technology, even though the transplantation of synthetic organs to the human body is impossible, they could at least be used to experiment new drugs or therapies, replacing animal subjects in clinical studies. Transplanting synthetic organs is still farther into the future, the Fraunhofer team says.

Source:  Circuits Today

Microcontroller - A Beginners Guide - Introduction

This is the first in a long line of tutorials aimed to provide a beginners guide and tutorial based around the Atmel AVR Atmega32 microncontroller.  I will show you, through examples and projects, how to program and provide functions for this microcontroller and what the uses and applications are.

With microcontrollers in general, it is good to know that these little chips are found everywhere.  You can find them in microwaves ovens, new applicances, automobiles, televisions, etc.  These microcontrollers control and sense the surrounding electronics and environment.  For example, microcontrollers can provide output to a display, motor, LEDS, etc., sensing the environment, such as tilt using an accellerometer, light, angular velocity using a MEMS (Microelectromechanical System) gyroscope, sound, encoders for movement, temperature, and button or keyboard input.

 

SPI Flash Microcontroller Programmer

 SPI Flash Microcontroller Programmer

Introduction

This SPI Flash Programmer can be used either for in-system programming or as a stand-alone serial flash programmer for the Atmel SPI programmable devices. The programmer hardware interface is controlled by the PC parallel port and the parallel port control signals are freely selectable by the user. The software supports both the 8051 and AVR series devices.

Multiplexed Seven Segment Displays.

Multiplexed Seven Segment Displays.

 

 In this tutorial we will discuss about multiplexing of seven segment displays.Multiplexing is required when we want to interface 3 or 4 or even more such displays with MCUs since it we go for normal way it will require lots of IO port. So the smart way is multiplexing. Multiplexing achieved by tricking our eyes.

How to Hack Together a TV Celebrity Silencer .

How to Hack Together a TV Celebrity Silencer

This might solve the Snookie problem once and for all

For those of us working from home, television is useful resource for news and monotony-breaking entertainment, but 24-hour a day programming quickly runs out of real content. To fill the remaining hours of space, we get hours and hours of reality TV stars, burnout celebs and the latest annoying non-scandal scandal and other basically pointless information. If your job requires to you keep the TV on it can be maddening having to sift through filler on the way to actual news.

UPDATE YOUR SAMSUNG GALAXY 5 (I5503 OR I5500) TO FROYO (ANDROID 2.2) - Tutorial :)

UPDATE YOUR SAMSUNG GALAXY 5 (I5503 OR I5500) TO FROYO (ANDROID 2.2)

Download  Froyo 2.2 Firmware

Download ODIN downloader

Download OPS files 

Download  Samsung Kies 

  

Format SD Card from Your Android Phone :)

Format SD Card from Your Android Phone

Heat Hack – A New Method to Steal ATM Pin Codes

Heat Hack – A New Method to Steal ATM Pin Codes

A team of UC San Diego security researchers presented a paper on how your Automatic Teller Machine (ATM) pin code can be stolen using the heat that our fingers leave behind. With the help of a digital infrared camera, the person immediately following you can know the keys you pushed, with 80% accuracy.

Frightened? Don’t worry! There are some drawbacks to this method of stealing ATM pins.

Even if the criminal can determine the digits pressed, it is very difficult for him to know the order in which they were pressed. That means he will have to use different combinations of the 4 digits. The second drawback to this ATM pin theft using the heat left behind is that it works only on plastic keypads. This is because if the keypad is made of metal, it gives off too much heat noise that the IR camera cannot distinguish accurately which keys are pressed.

Simple 5V power supply for digital circuits

 

Summary of circuit features

• Brief description of operation: Gives out well regulated +5V output, output current capability of 100 mA
• Circuit protection: Built-in overheating protection shuts down output when regulator IC gets too hot
• Circuit complexity: Very simple and easy to build
• Circuit performance: Very stable +5V output voltage, reliable operation
• Availability of components: Easy to get, uses only very common basic components
• Design testing: Based on datasheet example circuit, I have used this circuit succesfully as part of many electronics projects
• Applications: Part of electronics devices, small laboratory power supply
• Power supply voltage: Unreglated DC 8-18V power supply
• Power supply current: Needed output current + 5 mA
• Component costs: Few dollars for the electronics components + the input transformer cost 

[BOOK] Designers Guide to Instrumentation Amplifiers 3nd ed.

 A Designers Guide to Instrumentation Amplifiers 3nd ed.

DOWNLOAD ..!!

[BOOK]8051 Microcontroller and Embedded Systems Using Assembly and C 2nd ed BY Mazidi

8051 Microcontroller and Embedded Systems Using Assembly and C  2nd ed BY Mazidi

DOWNLOAD

Contact-Less Digital Tachometer with Voltmeter

Contact-Less Digital Tachometer with Voltmeter

DESCRIPTION

 This project is about digital tachometer. Tachometer are used to measure the velocity or speed or a rotating object in RPMs. Compares to analog system, digital is more accurate and easy to read the measurements as display on the LCD. A PIC microcontroller from Microchip is the brain of this digital tachometer project. The main part of this project is encoding and decoding the digital signals. This problem makes it desirable to use a microprocessor, since the data registers can be use to store and parse the digital values at appropriate time. PIC16f690 has been chosen as a central processing unit in this project. This digital tachometer uses infrared sensors to detect the speed of motor and the signal will be send to the PIC. Next, the value will be display by 16x2 LCD.

At the end of this project, after implemented the hardware, the troubleshooting is the most important action that must be taken in order to achieve the objective of this project.

 

Software UART Implementation

Software UART Implementation

To implement UART successfully we first need to know how the protcol works.

Diagram above shows the waveform in which the bits has to be transferred. First is the start bit.. then 8-bit data and at last a stop bit. There is a secret formula to calculate the delay time which is needed between bits to get correct baudrate.
Below is a software implemented UART, which can be used in C as well as Assembly programs. It is written for Keil software. But with a little modification you can use it in your programs.

LCD interfacing with Microcontrollers tutorial - 4-bit Mode

LCD interfacing with Microcontrollers tutorial - 4-bit Mode

Introduction

Till now whatever we discussed in the previous part of ths LCD tutorial, we were dealing with 8-bit mode. Now we are going to learn how to use LCD in 4-bit mode. There are many reasons why sometime we prefer to use LCD in 4-bit mode instead of 8-bit. One basic reason is lesser number of pins are needed to interface LCD.

[book]Microcontroller Projects in C for the 8051

Microcontroller Projects in C for the 8051

Download

In/Out Door Counter with Nokia 3310 LCD Display

In/Out Door Counter with Nokia 3310 LCD Display

Description:

There are two switches shown in the schematic above one for IN and the other is OUT.. That switches will serve as a sensor for IN and OUT activity.. You can replace the switches with any sensors you like..

NOte: Before you can simulate this in Proteus ISIS you need a Proteus model for the LCD to work .

You can find it at the buttom of this page.

After you downloaded the proteus model you need to extract it to Protues  installation folder.

Multi PIC JDM based Programmer

Multi PIC JDM based Programmer 

Description

The JDM Programmer is a High-Voltage Programmer which is connected to the serial port (COM port) of the PC. It takes the programming voltage directly from the PC's COM port, so no separate power supply is needed. Due to the reason that the power supply is taken from the COM-port, for "weak" COM ports (especially in Notebooks) this could be a problem. So in this case the COM port could not provide a sufficent programming voltage and programming will fail.

Please note that this programmer will not work with a USB-to-Serial adapter.

Schematics / Layouts

Supported PICs

This programmer supports all PICs which can be programmed in High-Voltage mode. For a list of all PICs supported by PICPgm Software can be found here.

Software
Devices

Download

I2C Tutorial

I2C Tutorial

The physical I2C bus

This is just two wires, called SCL and SDA. SCL is the clock line. It is used to synchronize all data transfers over the I2C bus. SDA is the data line. The SCL & SDA lines are connected to all devices on the I2C bus. There needs to be a third wire which is just the ground or 0 volts. There may also be a 5volt wire is power is being distributed to the devices. Both SCL and SDA lines are "open drain" drivers. What this means is that the chip can drive its output low, but it cannot drive it high. For the line to be able to go high you must provide pull-up resistors to the 5v supply. There should be a resistor from the SCL line to the 5v line and another from the SDA line to the 5v line. You only need one set of pull-up resistors for the whole I2C bus, not for each device, as illustrated below:

 

8051 Programming for UART

8051 Programming for UART

In 8051, we make use of Timer 1 to generate the required baud rate. Following are the registers that are need to be configured to commnunicate over UART.

• TMOD
• SCON
• TH1
• TL1
• TCON

TMOD: This register is used to set the mode of Timer0 and Timer1. It is also used to select whether the timers are used as Timer or Counter.

SCON: Serial Control register has various functions like.. it has flags for Framing error, Transmit interrup and receive interrupt. Its used to select the serial port mode, to enable or disable the reception etc.

TCON: This register has varios flag and control bits e.g. Timer overflow flags, interrupt edge flags, timer control bits to start/stop the timer.

TH1 & TL1: Timer registers for Timer 1 determines the baudrate of UART.

More information on the above registers can be found in the 8051 Hardware manual.

SPI interface tutorial

SPI interface tutorial

Its main use is to replace parallel interfaces so you don't have to route parallel buses around a pcb. pic spi masterFor example you can buy an SPI 12bit ADC and instead of 12 parallel wires to read the data you only need 4 SPI connections. Actually you may only need three as you may not need to send data to the device!

Microcontroller Based Home Security System

Microcontroller Based Home Security System

4x4 Keypad Tutorial

4x4 Keypad Tutorial

Constructing a Matrix Keypad

Scanning a Matrix Keypad

There are many methods depending on how you connect your keypad with your controller, but the basic logic is same. We make the coloums as i/p and we drive the rows making them o/p, this whole procedure of reading the keyboard is called scanning.

Introduction to PIC Programming

Special Thanks To: David Meiklejohn, Googligum Electronics

"PIC" refers to an extensive family of microcontrollers manufacture by Microchip Technology Inc.
- see http://www.microchip.com

A microcontroller is a processor which has I/O circuitry and peripherals built-in, allowing to interface more or less directly with real-world devices such as light, switches,sensors and motors. The simplify the design of logic and control system, allowing complex(or simple) behaviors to be designed into a piece of electronic or electromechanical equipment. They represent and approach witch draws on both electronic design and programming skills; an intersection of what was once two disciples, and is now called "embedded design".

Modern microcontrollers make it very easy to get started . They are very forgiving and often need little external circuitry. Among the most accessible are the PIC microconrollers.

The range of PICs available is very broad - from tiny 6-pin 8 bit devices with just 16 bytes (!) of data of memory which can perform only basic digital I/O , to 100-pin 32 bit devices with 512Kb of memory and many integrated peripherals for communication , data acquisition and control.

One of the most confusing  aspects of PIC for newcomers is that the low-end devices that have entirely separate address and data buses for data and program instructions. With a PIC described as being 8-bit or 16-bit , this refers to the amount of data that can be process at once - the width of the data memory(registers of Microchip terminilogy) and ALU(arithmetic logic unit).

The low-end PICs, which operate on data 8-bits at a time, are divided into three architectural families:

• Baseline(12-bit instruction)
  - This PICs are based   on the original PIC architecture, going back to 1970's and General Instrument's "Peripheral Interface Controller". The are quite limited, but, within their locations (such as no interrupts), they are simple to work with -particularly in assembler.
  Modern examples  include the 6-pin 10F series , the 8-pin 12F509 and the 14-pin 16F506.
• Midrange (14-bit instructions)
  - This is an extension of the baseline architecture, adding support for interrupt, more memory and on-chip timers and peripherals, including PWM(pulse width modulation) for motor control, support for serial, I2C and SPI interface and LCD(liquid crystal display) controllers.
  Moder examples include the 8-ping 12F629, the 20-pin 16F690 and 40-pin 16F887.
• High-end (16-bit instructions)
  - Otherwise known as the 18F series, this architecture  overcomes some of the limitations of the midrange devices, providing more memory (up to 128k program memory and almost 4k data memory) and advance peripherals, including USB, ethernet and CAN (controller area network) connectivity.
  The 18F  architecture designed to support C programming, and is the only one of  the 8-bit  PIC families for which  Microchip offer a C compiler.
  Examples  include the 18-pin 18F1220, the 28-pin 18F2455,  and the 80-pin 18f8520. 

This  can be a little confusing; the PIC18F series  has 16-bit  program instruction which operate on data 8-bits at a time, and considered to be 8-bit chip.
We won't consider the 16-bit PIC's  such as the PIC24F microcontroller or the dsPIC30 or dsPIC33 digital signal controllers , nor the new 32-bit PIC32MX devices, in this tutorial series.

Development Environment 

For PIC development, you'll need:

• A PC, preferably running Windows XP with a spare serial port
• A PIC programmer
• A prototyping environment, such as breadboard
  
  

And optionally:

• A C compiler e.g. HI-TECH C
• A simulator  e.g. Proteus

PIC PROGRAMMER 

These days, PIC's use flash memory, which can be electrically erased -  thousands of times, without  specialize equipment.

There are many PIC programmers everywhere but I want to introduce to you my DIY universal PIC programmer.. This programmer is a JDM based programmer.

For more info about this programmer:  Romel- DIY programmer
For device support and programmer software: PCPGM & PonyProg
This is fully tested.

Here is my actual programmer  :)

  

Development Sotfware

Every PIC developer should have a copy of Microchip's MPLAB integrated development  environment (IDE) - even if you primarily use third-party  tool chain(a set of development  tools that work togethere). It includes Microchip's assembler (MPASM), an editor, and a fully-featured software simulator, which allow you to debug  your application before committing it to the chip. Not long ago, a development environment as sophisticated as this would have cost thousands. But MPLAB is free, including support  from Microchip, so there is no reason not to have it.  Download it from Here: MPLAB IDE

MPLAB, from version 7.41, includes a free copy of CCS’s C compiler for the baseline PICs.  It’s nice to have, and it is used in the Baseline PIC C Programming tutorial series, but in practice most people  wouldn’t use a C compiler on the baseline PICs; resources are so tight that to make the most of them, you need to use assembly.  That explains why CCS are able to give away their baseline compiler; few people would have bought it, but it provides a lead into the rest of their range of PIC C compilers